The word 'Mughal' is derived from the word 'Mongol'. From their maternal side,the Mughals were Chagtai Turks i.e they traced descent from the eldest son of Genghis Khan. Therefore the name Mughal comes into being. From their paternal side they were descendants of the Turkish ruler, Timur.
Mughal people. The Mughals (Persian: ????; Urdu: ???; Arabic: ????, also spelled Moghul or Mogul) are a number of culturally related clans of the Indian subcontinent. They are descended from the various Central Asian Turk and Mongol tribes that settled in the region.
The best-known members of the Mughal dynasty are its first emperors—Babur and five of his lineal descendants: Humayun, Akbar, Jahangir, Shah Jahan, and Aurangzeb.
Zabt was a land revenue system that was framed during the Mughal period. Each province was divided into revenue circles with their own rates of revenue and a schedule of individual crops. This system was prevalent where the Mughal administration could survey the land and keep careful accounts.
Mansabdari system was introduced in India by the Mughals. Mansabdars were answerable to the emperor. Jagirdars - Jagirdari referred to the division of empire into number of small areas called 'Jagirs' and the person responsible for the maintenance of the financial system of the area was called Jagirdar.
The jagirdar system was introduced by the Delhi Sultanate, and continued during the Mughal Empire, but with a difference. In the Mughal times, the jagirdar collected taxes which paid his salary and the rest to the Mughal treasury, while the administration and military authority was given to a separate Mughal appointee.
Ziauddin Tucy is the sixth generation descendant of the last Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar and today struggles to make ends meet. Living in a rented house, he still believes that the government will release properties of the erstwhile Mughals to the legal heirs.
Mostly the term Pathan is used for pashtuns in (India and Pakistan) and Mughals are related to todays Mongolia, there are alot of mughals still living in Afghanistan, specially in the western areas such as Herat province where they are under "Temori" last name (adopted from Temor Lane).
According to a research the last known descendant of mughal is Ziauddin tucy. Living in anonymity in a lower middle class locality in Chanchalguda,Y the sixth generation descendant of the last Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar struggles to make ends meet.
Mughal emperor Shah Jahan
India: Rulers
- Maurya, ancient Indian dynasty (c.
- Asoka, Indian emperor (c.273–c.232 B.C.) of the Maurya dynasty.
- Harsha, Indian emperor (606–47)
- Prithvi Raj, ruler of the Chauan dynasty of N.
- Mughal, Muslim empire in India (1526–1857)
- Babur, founder of the Mughal empire of India (1494–1530)
The Mughal Empire
The Mughal (or Mogul) Empire ruled most of India and Pakistan in the 16th and 17th centuries. It consolidated Islam in South Asia, and spread Muslim (and particularly Persian) arts and culture as well as the faith. The Mughals were Muslims who ruled a country with a large Hindu majority.The Mughal Kings were Sunni. The Persian Kings were Shia on the other hand. Do note that Akbar in his later years founded the religion of Din-I-Ilahi which was a synchretism of Sufi Islam with some aspects of Hinduism and other religions.
inspired - the conquests of India's own first emperor. In 322 B.C., shortly after Alexander's death, a new era began in India. In that year Chandragupta Maurya seized the state of Magadha in the Ganges valley. Over the next twenty-four years Chandragupta conquered northern India and founded the Maurya Dynasty.
The Mughal Empire was founded by Babur, a Timurid prince and ruler from Central Asia. Babur was a direct descendant of the Timurid Emperor Tamerlane on his father's side, and the Mongol ruler Genghis Khan on his mother's side.
Islam reached India in the very early period and it is believed that one of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)'s companions Malik bin Deenar came to India's western coast in 7th century and a mosque was built there in 629 EC which still exists.
The Mughal Empire began to decline in the 18th century, during the reign of Mu?ammad Shah (1719–48). Much of its territory fell under the control of the Marathas and then the British. The last Mughal emperor, Bahādur Shah II (1837–57), was exiled by the British after his involvement with the Indian Mutiny of 1857–58.
Before the Mughal invasion of 1526, the north of the subcontinent was divided up into several independent Hindu and Muslim kingdoms. Wealthy Jain businessmen were (and still are) pious patrons of devotional art, and many of the most beautiful manuscripts and temples of the pre-Mughal period were commissioned by them.
History of the British Raj
| Portuguese India (1505–1961) |
|---|
| East India Company | 1612–1757 |
| Company rule in India | 1757–1858 |
| British Raj | 1858–1947 |
| British rule in Burma | 1824–1948 |
There were seventeen emperors of the Mughal Empire in thirteen generations. Throughout the 331-year history of the Mughal Empire the emperors were all members of the same house, the house of Timurid.
The Mughal–Maratha Wars, also called the Maratha War of Independence, were fought between the Maratha Empire and the Mughal Empire from 1680 to 1707. After the death of Aurangzeb, Marathas defeated the Mughals in Delhi and Bhopal, and extended their empire till Panipat at their peak in 1758.
By the late 17th century, most of the Indian subcontinent had been reunited under the Mughal Empire, which became the largest economy and manufacturing power in the world, producing about a quarter of global GDP, before fragmenting and being conquered over the next century.
Persian influence was first introduced to the Indian subcontinent by Muslim rulers of Turkic and Afghan origin, especially with the Delhi Sultanate from the 13th century, and in the 16th to 19th century by the Mughal Empire.
