The name Mohenjo-daro is reputed to signify “the mound of the dead.” The archaeological importance of the site was first recognized in 1922, one year after the discovery of Harappa. Subsequent excavations revealed that the mounds contain the remains of what was once the largest city of the Indus civilization.
From the late 1950s, historians believed that Mohenjo-daro was destroyed due to tectonic shifts in the region. According to one version, tectonic movements blocked the course of lower Indus river which must have caused floods that submerged the city.
It began nearly 5,000 years ago in an area of modern-day Pakistan and Northern India. There were more than 1,400 towns and cities in the Indus Valley. The biggest were Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro. Around 80,000 people lived in these cities.
Though there is no evidence that priests or monarchs ruled Mohenjo-daro, archaeologists dubbed this dignified figure a "Priest-King." The sculpture is 17.5 centimetres (6.9 in) tall, and shows a neatly bearded man with pierced earlobes and a fillet around his head, possibly all that is left of a once-elaborate
Mohenjo-daro was discovered in 1922 by R. D. Banerji, an officer of the Archaeological Survey of India, two years after major excavations had begun at Harappa, some 590 km to the north. Dales in 1964-65, after which excavations were banned due to the problems of conserving the exposed structures from weathering.
They are also noted for their baked brick houses, elaborate drainage systems, water supply systems, and clusters of large, nonresidential buildings. The Indus Valley Civilization began to decline around 1800 BCE.
Mohenjo-daro apparently came under a huge deluge caused by a changing river course, which led to its collapse, in another theory that is left unproven. And then there are researchers like David Davenport who asserts that Mohenjo-daro was destroyed by an atomic bomb, and that aliens did it.
Mohenjo-daro
| Location | Larkana, Sindh, Pakistan |
| Coordinates | 27°19′45″N 68°08′20″ECoordinates: 27°19′45″N 68°08′20″E |
| Type | Settlement |
| Area | 250 ha (620 acres) |
| History |
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The Harappan Civilisation has its earliest roots in cultures such as that of Mehrgarh, approximately 6000 BC. The two greatest cities, Mohenjo-daro and Harappa, emerged circa 2600 BC along the Indus River valley in Punjab and Sindh.
Dholavira (Gujarati: ????????) is an archaeological site at Khadirbet in Bhachau Taluka of Kutch District, in the state of Gujarat in western India, which has taken its name from a modern-day village 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) south of it. This village is 165 km (103 mi) from Radhanpur.
The girl is naked, wears a number of bangles and a necklace and is shown in a natural standing position with one hand on her hip. She wears 24 to 25 bangles on her left arm and 4 bangles on her right arm, and some object was held in her left hand, which is resting on her thigh; both arms are unusually long.
???? ?????? ??????
???? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ?? " ??????? ?? ???? "? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???The Indus Valley civilisation is 2,500 years older than previously believed. Archaeological studies had earlier suggested that the civilisation was centred around Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro in Pakistan, and Lothal, Dholavira, and Kalibangan in India, Sarkar explained.
The people of Harappan Civilization probably believed in life after death, as they offered materials as grave offerings. The offerings buried with the dead usually included pottery and grain. Look at the skeleton of a woman that was found wearing ornaments like bangles, necklaces and others.
The Indus people lived on the banks of the Indus river, the longest river in Pakistan. The Indus river begins high up in the Himalayan mountains (the tallest mountain range in the world), and flows nearly 3,000 kilometres to the Arabian Sea. As the river moves downstream it carves out a valley.
The Indus Civilization has its roots in the earlier farming villages of the greater Indus Valley region, dating back to from 7000-5000 BC. The Early Harappan Period is when we have the first urban centers dating to around 2800 BC.
Some historians believed the Indus civilisation was destroyed in a large war. Hindu poems called the Rig Veda (from around 1500 BC) describe northern invaders conquering the Indus Valley cities. It's more likely that the cities collapsed after natural disasters. Enemies might have moved in afterwards.
The most unique aspect of planning during the Indus Valley civilization was the system of underground drainage. The main sewer, 1.5 meters deep and 91 cm across, connected to many north-south and east-west sewers. Commoner houses had baths and drains that emptied into underground soakage jars.
Harappa
| A view of Harappa's Granary and Great Hall |
| Shown within Pakistan Show map of Pakistan Show map of Punjab, Pakistan Show all |
| Location | Sahiwal District, Punjab, Pakistan |
| Coordinates | 30°37′44″N 72°51′50″ECoordinates: 30°37′44″N 72°51′50″E |
| History |
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Mohenjo Daro (film) Mohenjo Daro is a 2016 Indian period action-adventure film written and directed by Ashutosh Gowariker. It is a cinematic presentation based on the ancient Indus Valley civilization, and its city Mohenjo-daro, a UNESCO World Heritage site.
