| 104th United States Congress |
|---|
| Senate Majority | Republican |
| Senate President | Al Gore (D) |
| House Majority | Republican |
| House Speaker | Newt Gingrich (R) |
| 102nd United States Congress |
|---|
| Senate Majority | Democratic |
| Senate President | Dan Quayle (R) |
| House Majority | Democratic |
| House Speaker | Tom Foley (D) |
1988 United States Senate elections
| Leader | Robert Byrd | Bob Dole |
| Party | Democratic | Republican |
| Leader since | January 3, 1977 | January 3, 1985 |
| Leader's seat | West Virginia | Kansas |
| Seats before | 54 | 46 |
| 50th United States Congress |
|---|
| House Majority | Democratic |
| House Speaker | John G. Carlisle (D) |
| Sessions |
| 1st: December 7, 1887 – October 20, 1888 2nd: December 3, 1888 – March 3, 1889 |
1986 United States Senate elections
| Leader | Robert Byrd | Bob Dole |
| Party | Democratic | Republican |
| Leader since | January 3, 1977 | January 3, 1985 |
| Leader's seat | West Virginia | Kansas |
| Seats before | 47 | 53 |
1990 United States Senate elections
| Leader | George Mitchell | Bob Dole |
| Party | Democratic | Republican |
| Leader since | January 3, 1989 | January 3, 1985 |
| Leader's seat | Maine | Kansas |
| Seats before | 55 | 45 |
The Democratic Party won a majority in both chambers, giving them full control of Congress for the first time since the 103rd Congress in 1993, which was also the last time they controlled the House.
Democrats kept control of Congress in 1972 despite Republican President Richard Nixon's landslide re-election.
1970 United States Senate elections
| Leader | Mike Mansfield | Hugh Scott |
| Party | Democratic | Republican |
| Leader since | January 3, 1961 | September 24, 1969 |
| Leader's seat | Montana | Pennsylvania |
| Seats before | 56 | 43 |
The 2004 elections increased the House Republican majority, kept the Senate closely divided, and re-elected President George W.
November 7, 2006 — California Representative Nancy Pelosi and Nevada Senator Harry Reid lead the Democratic Party in taking control of both the House and the Senate in the 2006 congressional elections, the first time in 12 years the Democrats secure control of both houses of Congress simultaneously.
Majority and Minority Leaders
| Congress | Majority Leader |
|---|
| 99th Congress (1985–1987) | Robert J. Dole (R-KS) 22 |
| 100th Congress (1987–1989) | Robert C. Byrd (D-WV) 23 |
| 101st Congress (1989–1991) | George J. Mitchell (D-ME) 24 |
| 102nd Congress (1991–1993) | George J. Mitchell (D-ME) 24 |
| 94th United States Congress |
|---|
| House Majority | Democratic |
| House Speaker | Carl Albert (D) |
| Sessions |
| 1st: January 14, 1975 – December 19, 1975 2nd: January 19, 1976 – October 1, 1976 |
2012 United States House of Representatives elections
| Leader | John Boehner | Nancy Pelosi |
| Party | Republican | Democratic |
| Leader since | January 3, 2007 | January 3, 2003 |
| Leader's seat | Ohio 8th | California 12th |
| Last election | 242 seats, 51.7% | 193 seats, 44.9% |
The 1978 United States elections were held on November 7, 1978 to elect the members of the 96th United States Congress. The election occurred in the middle of Democratic President Jimmy Carter's term. Democrats retained control of both houses of Congress.
Majority (Democratic) leadership.
Republicans won congressional majorities for the first time in 15 years after the 1946 elections. The 80th Congress (1947–1949) quickly sent to the states for ratification a constitutional amendment limiting Presidents to two terms, and it reined in trade unions with the Taft-Hartley Labor-Management Relations Act.
If the House and Senate pass the same bill then it is sent to the President. If the House and Senate pass different bills they are sent to Conference Committee. Most major legislation goes to a Conference Committee.
| 103rd United States Congress |
|---|
| Senate Majority | Democratic |
| Senate President | Dan Quayle (R) (until January 20, 1993) Al Gore (D) (from January 20, 1993) |
| House Majority | Democratic |
| House Speaker | Tom Foley (D) |
Congress OverviewRepublicans retained their congressional majorities after the 1996 election, and President Bill Clinton won re-election. The 105th Congress (1997–1999) began with a bipartisan budget agreement and tax cut.
Both chambers maintained a Republican majority.
| 106th United States Congress |
|---|
| United States Capitol (2000) |
| January 3, 1999 – January 3, 2001 |
| Members | 100 senators 435 representatives 5 non-voting delegates |
| Senate Majority | Republican |
| 105th United States Congress |
|---|
| Senate Majority | Republican |
| Senate President | Al Gore (D) |
| House Majority | Republican |
| House Speaker | Newt Gingrich (R) |
| 96th United States Congress |
|---|
| Senate Majority | Democratic |
| Senate President | Walter Mondale (D) |
| House Majority | Democratic |
| House Speaker | Tip O'Neill (D) |
1998 United States House of Representatives elections
| Leader | Newt Gingrich (retired) | Dick Gephardt |
| Party | Republican | Democratic |
| Leader since | January 3, 1995 | January 3, 1995 |
| Leader's seat | Georgia 6th | Missouri 3rd |
| Last election | 227 seats | 206 seats |
| 113th United States Congress |
|---|
| Senate Majority | Democratic |
| Senate President | Joe Biden (D) |
| House Majority | Republican |
| House Speaker | John Boehner (R) |
2002 United States House of Representatives elections
| Leader | Dennis Hastert | Dick Gephardt (stepped down as leader) |
| Party | Republican | Democratic |
| Leader since | January 3, 1999 | January 3, 1995 |
| Leader's seat | Illinois 14th | Missouri 3rd |
| Last election | 221 seats, 47.6% | 212 seats, 47.1% |
