Cotton has become a global commodity that is traded, sold, and harvested everywhere. They also grow and sell cotton in its raw form. The cotton textile industry is one of the two largest industries in these countries. The United States is another large provider of cotton, whether in raw bales or in threads and yarns.
What problems are faced cotton textile industry ?
- Machinery is obsolete.It needs to be upgraded in weaving and processing sectors.
- There is erratic power supply and this industry requires a good power supply for its growth.
- There is a stiff competition among synthetic fibre industry because synthetic fibre is available at cheap rates.
Both have most population due to demand and growth of cloth market. Surat textile market and Xiliu Clothing Wholesale Market, Haicheng, Liaoning Province market are top most largest cloth market. Surat textile market, New delhi chandani chowk and bhuleshwar market Mumbai are top three textile market in india.
Surat and Ahmedabad are often referred as Textile Capital of India / Textile City of India. Both are the largest textile-production hubs internationally and are both located in Gujarat state.
Cotton Industry In India
- Cotton plays an important role in the Indian economy as the country's textile industry is predominantly cotton based.
- The states of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Haryana, Rajasthan, and Punjab are the major cotton producers in India.
In a developing country like India, the Cotton Textile Industry is very important, for it has to meet the demand for clothes of the Indians and exports too. The Cotton Textile Industry contributes nearly 30% of the value of exports, and employs more than 55 million labors.
The cotton textile industry largest in india because: The industry by creating demands supports many other industries, such as,chemicals and dyes, mill stores, packaging materials and engineering works.
An industry is a group of manufacturers or businesses that produce a particular kind of goods or services. Workers in the textile industry design, fabricate, and sell cloth. Industry comes from the Latin industria, which means "diligence, hard work," and the word is still used with that meaning.
the products from iron and steel industry are used as raw materials for other industries. it plays a major role in growth and development of modern civilization as this metal is widely used to make machines, tools, and a variety of durable goods of daily use.
Iron and steel industry is called the basic industry due to following reasons: All industries whether heavy, medium or light depend on it for the machinery. Thus, it provides base to the other industries. Steel is required for manufacturing variety of engineering, construction and defence goods.
Gujrat and Maharashtra have the maximum extent of cotton textile growth because of suitable climate these states have favourable climatic condition, transport facility also enhances them they well connected to the rest part of the country by rail and road.
In the early years, the cotton textile industry was concentrated in the cotton growing belt of Maharashtra and Gujarat due to the following reasons: Gujarat and Maharashtra had ports which helped in the transportation of the finished goods to various locations.
Factors that helped the city become a textile centre : Ahmedabad is situated in the heart of a cotton growing area; hence the major raw material easily available. The humid climate is ideal for spinning and weaving. The Mumbai port which is situated nearby facilitates import of machinery and export of cotton textiles.
The jute industry is mainly concentrated in West Bengal due to the following reasons: The soil of the Ganga Brahmaputra delta in West Bengal is suitable for the growth of jute and hence many jute industries are located here. West Bengal has a humid climate and rainfall up to 200 cm which is essential for the jute crop.
The industry provides a source of livelihood to farmers, cotton boll pluckers and workers engaged in ginning, spinning, weaving, dyeing, designing, packaging, tailoring and sewing. Thisindustry supports many other industries; like chemical and dyes, mill stores, packaging materials and engineering works.
The factors affecting jute and Cotton textile industries in different states are as follows: Low rate of productivity, competition, sick condition of mills are some reasons by which cotton textile get affected.
Which factors favour the cotton textile industry in Mumbai?
- A . Location of port facilities for export.
- B . Well connected through rail and road links.
- C . Humid costal climate favours yarning.
- D . Availability of capital and man power.
- E . All of these.
The world's major industries are:
- Iron and steel industry – Germany, USA, China, Japan and Russia.
- Textile industry – India, Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan and Taiwan.
- Information technology industry – Silicon valley of Central California and the Bangalore region of India.
The main reason for concentration of Jute factories around the Hugli River are: West Bengal is the highest producer of raw jute. Jute manufacturing requires a lot of water. Locating factories near the river ensures ample supply of water to the factory.
The weaving is decentralized in india so that the incorporation of design and traditional skill would be possible as regard to silk,zari etc. This is because by doing the scope of waving can be increase and thus to produce the employment in it.
Textiles are classified according to their component fibers into silk, wool, linen, cotton, such synthetic fibers as rayon, nylon, and polyesters, and some inorganic fibers, such as cloth of gold, glass fiber, and asbestos cloth.
Economic Advantages
The manufacture of textiles provides an economic boost to many countries in the world. Economies can be made or broken with the addition or loss of a textile industry, which in turn can affect the ability of people to support their families and provide them with the basic necessities of life.The industrial revolution started in Great Britain in the mid-1700s. Textile production was the first great industry created. The textile industry in America began in New England during the late 18th century.
The textile industry is basically concerned with the design, production and distribution or marketing of yarn, fabrics or readymade clothing. The raw material may be natural, or synthetic using products of the chemical industry.
Textile technologists work with a variety of materials including man-made and natural textiles, leather, fur, plastics and metals. They may be responsible for developing fabrics for furnishings, clothing, household items, medical supplies, or textiles for use within the automotive industry.
By 1921 North Carolina mills were producing $191 million worth of textiles annually, more than twice the production of 1914. This growth continued after the war, and by 1923 North Carolina had overtaken Massachusetts as the leading textile-producing state in the nation (by value of product).
One of the ways that the textile industry has changed is that it has increased employment in poor, developing countries overseas. As a direct result of this, domestic textile jobs in the U.S. have been diminished. This outsourcing of jobs has had a negative impact on the U.S. economy.
