Category C. Either studies in animals have revealed adverse effects on the fetus (teratogenic or embryocidal or other) and there are no controlled studies in women, or studies in women and animals are not available. Drugs should be given only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.Jun 15, 2003
Use during the first trimester is not recommended unless clearly needed. Comments: Clindamycin solution for injection contains benzyl alcohol as a preservative, which can cross the placenta and is associated with the potentially fatal "gasping syndrome" in pediatric patients.
Some antibiotics are known to be teratogenic and should be avoided entirely during pregnancy. These include streptomycin and kanamycin (which may cause hearing loss) and tetracycline (which can lead to weakening, hypoplasia, and discoloration of long bones and teeth).
It is unlikely that using clindamycin increases the chance of birth defects. Two human studies and several animal studies have not shown an increased chance of birth defects. One study reported a slightly higher chance of birth defects among 380 women who filled prescriptions for clindamycin in their first trimester.Apr 1, 2020
Many common antibiotics -- amoxicillin, erythromycin, and penicillin, for example -- are considered safe for pregnant women. Your doctor wouldn't prescribe others, such as ciprofloxacin (Cipro), sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, or trimethoprim (Primsol, Proloprim, Trimpex), that can affect your baby's development.Sep 14, 2020
Clindamycin was shown to readily cross the placenta in three term pregnant patients. Although the m/c ratio was only 0.15, the placental tissue apparently has an affinity for clindamycin, because the maternal blood to placental tissue ratio was 1.1.
Category C: Either studies in animals have revealed adverse effects on the fetus (teratogenic or embryocidal, or other) and there are no controlled studies in women or studies in women and animals are not available. Drugs should be given only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.
Category CAnimal reproduction studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in humans, but potential benefits may warrant use of the drug in pregnant women despite potential risks.
The antibiotics listed as Category B include Penicillin, Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Cloxacillin, Flucloxacillin, Cephalexin, Cefradine, Cefuroxime, Cefixime, Cefpodoxime, Cefotaxime, Ceftriaxone, Azithromycin, Erythromycin, Clotrimazole, Metronidazoles and Naproxen.May 28, 2019
Category CAnimal reproduction studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in humans, but potential benefits may warrant use of the drug in pregnant women despite potential risks.
A system of classifying drugs according to their established risks for use during pregnancy. Category A: Controlled human studies have demonstrated no fetal risk.
Safety of Psychiatric Medications During Pregnancy and Lactation
| Drug | FDA pregnancy category* |
|---|
| Bupropion (Wellbutrin) | B |
| Duloxetine (Cymbalta) | C |
| Mirtazapine (Remeron) | C |
| Nefazodone (Serzone)‡ | C |
FDA categorized Fexofenadine, Desloratadine as pregnancy category C, while Cetirizine, Loratadine and Levocetirizine as category B [15]. Based on the available pregnancy data Cetirizine is unlikely to increase the incidence of major or minor malformations in neonates.
What medicines should you avoid during pregnancy?
- Bismuth subsalicylate (such as Pepto-Bismol).
- Phenylephrine or pseudoephedrine, which are decongestants.
- Cough and cold medicines that contain guaifenesin.
- Pain medicines like aspirin and ibuprofen (such as Advil and Motrin) and naproxen (such as Aleve).
The FDA has classified Zofran as a “Pregnancy Category B†drug, meaning that it has not been the subject of any well-controlled studies to determine the effects Zofran may have during pregnancy.May 28, 2019
Clindamycin is an alternative to the penicillins and cephalosporins for the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections. Clindamycin is the drug of choice, combined with penicillin, for severe group A streptococcal infection and possibly C perfringens infections.
Is Clindamycin a Sulfa Drug? No, clindamycin is not a sulfa drug and does not contain sulfa. Morbilliform eruption localized to striae has been described with clindamycin. severe stomach pain, diarrhea that is watery or bloody;a metallic taste in your mouth (after clindamycin injection).
Clindamycin is a broad spectrum antibiotic used orally, topically and parenterally for bacterial infections due to sensitive organisms. Clindamycin has been linked to rare instances of acute liver injury.Dec 16, 2019
The aminoglycosides are broad-spectrum, bactericidal antibiotics that are commonly prescribed for children, primarily for infections caused by Gram-negative pathogens. The aminoglycosides include gentamicin, amikacin, tobramycin, neomycin, and streptomycin.
Fluoroquinolones are a class of broad-spectrum antibiotics. They are ineffective against viral infections and most other infections.
Drugs Mentioned In This Article.
| Generic Name | Select Brand Names |
|---|
| Levofloxacin | IQUIX, LEVAQUIN, QUIXIN |
| clindamycin | CLEOCIN |
| Norfloxacin | NOROXIN |
| Ofloxacin | FLOXIN OTIC |
Official Answer. You should avoid lying down after taking the antibiotic clindamycin because it may prolong the time it takes for the medication to move through your esophagus into your stomach, potentially irritating your esophagus.May 27, 2021
No, clindamycin is not a penicillin antibiotic. Instead, it belongs to a class of medications known as lincomycin antibiotics, or lincosamides.May 12, 2021
Official Answer. Clindamycin is a strong broad-spectrum antibiotic, typically prescribed for serious infections, such as life-threatening methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) skin infections.May 12, 2021
Amoxicillin may be safer than clindamycin as endocarditis prophylaxis. Amoxicillin may be safer than clindamycin as endocarditis prophylaxis before dental work, a new study from England suggests. Dentists have historically given antibiotic prophylaxis (AP) to patients at risk of infective endocarditis.
Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity are recognised side effects of aminoglycosides. Ototoxicity has also been reported following in utero streptomycin exposure and it is therefore possible that use of any aminoglycoside in pregnancy carries an increased risk of permanent damage to the ear or kidney in exposed offspring.
Fluoroquinolones are a class of antibiotics approved to treat or prevent certain bacterial infections. The fluoroquinolone antibiotics include ciprofloxacin (Cipro), gemifloxacin (Factive), levofloxacin (Levaquin), moxifloxacin (Avelox), and ofloxacin (Floxin).Apr 18, 2021
Pregnancy: Teratogenic Effects—Pregnancy Category B. Metronidazole crosses the placental barrier and enters the fetal circulation rapidly.
Antibiotic Choices for Treatment of UTIs During Pregnancy
| Antibiotic | Pregnancy category | Dosage |
|---|
| Erythromycin | B | 250 to 500 mg four times daily |
| Nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin) | B | 50 to 100 mg four times daily |
| Sulfisoxazole (Gantrisin) | C* | 1 g four times daily |
| Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (Augmentin) | B | 250 mg four times daily |
Some antibiotics commonly considered SAFE for use during pregnancy:
- Amoxicillin.
- Ampicillin.
- Augmentin.
- Penicillin.
- Cephalexin.
- Clindamycin.
- Erythromycin.
Quinolones and fluoroquinolones are highly efficient antibiotics. However, concerns regarding possible harmful effects have limited their use during pregnancy. Nevertheless, accumulating clinical data suggest that they may be safe during pregnancy.
While there are no controlled studies of ciprofloxacin use in pregnant women to show safety, an expert review of published data on experiences with ciprofloxacin use during pregnancy by TERIS - the Teratogen Information System - concluded that therapeutic doses during pregnancy are unlikely to pose a substantialSep 6, 2017
A few antibiotics cross the placenta rapidly and equilibrate in the maternal and cord plasma; this type of transfer is termed "complete" and include the antibiotics ampicillin, methicillin, cefmenoxime and cefotiam.
