The JPA Provider implements the Java Persistence API. We use Hibernate because it is the most common JPA provider. Spring Data JPA hides the used JPA provider behind its repository abstraction.
At its core, Hibernate is an object-relational mapping tool that provides an implementation of JPA. Hibernate is one of the most mature JPA implementations around, with a huge community backing the project.
JPA Provider : It is the vendor product that contains the JPA flavor (javax.persistence). For example Eclipselink, Toplink, Hibernate, etc.
Enable Spring Data JPA by annotating the PersistenceContext class with the @EnableJpaRepositories annotation. Configure the base packages that are scanned when Spring Data JPA creates implementations for our repository interfaces.
It means, Spring Data JPA uses all features defined by JPA specification, especially the entity, association mappings, and JPA's query capabilities. Spring Data JPA adds its own features such as the no-code implementation of the repository pattern and the creation of database queries from the method name.
JPA handles most of the complexity of JDBC-based database access and object-relational mappings. On top of that, Spring Data JPA reduces the amount of boilerplate code required by JPA. That makes the implementation of your persistence layer easier and faster. help you set up your first project using Spring Data JPA.
Spring Boot provides starter dependency spring-boot-starter-data-jpa to connect Spring Boot application with relational database efficiently. The spring-boot-starter-data-jpa internally uses the spring-boot-jpa dependency.
Java Persistence API (JPA) defines the management of relational data in the Java applications. Hibernate is an Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) tool which is used to save the state of Java object into the database. It is just a specification.
CrudRepository mainly provides CRUD functions. PagingAndSortingRepository provides methods to do pagination and sorting records. JpaRepository provides some JPA-related methods such as flushing the persistence context and deleting records in a batch.
JPA can be used without a JPA provider aka Hibernate, EclipseLink and so on only if the application server has already a JPA implementation.
JPA is the interface while Hibernate is the implementation. Traditionally there have been multiple Java ORM solutions: each implementation defining its own mapping definition or client API. The JPA expert group gathered the best of all these tools and so they created the Java Persistence API standard.
JPA vs Hibernated) If you are looking from code dependency prespective ,JPA makes more sense as your code is dependent on standard Java Api. e) If you have used Hibernate then you will find that certain features are missing in JPA like criteria queries etc.
FoundationDB is a NoSQL database and is not supported by Hibernate.
The JPA module of Spring Data contains a custom namespace that allows defining repository beans. It also contains certain features and element attributes that are special to JPA. Generally the JPA repositories can be set up using the repositories element: Example 2.1.
Hibernate is a JPA provider and ORM that maps Java objects to relational database tables. Spring Data JPA is an abstraction that makes working with the JPA provider less verbose. Using Spring Data JPA you can eliminate a lot of the boilerplate code involved in managing a JPA provider like Hibernate.
Spring Data JPA is a part of the Spring Data family. The Spring Data JPA framework can then inspect that contract, and automatically build the interface implementation under the covers for you. For Spring Data JPA to intelligently generate an implementation of your Repository interface, a Query DSL is needed.
Spring is an open-source lightweight framework widely used to develop enterprise applications. Spring Boot is built on top of the conventional spring framework, widely used to develop REST APIs. Spring Boot provides embedded servers such as Tomcat and Jetty etc.
Spring Data is a high level SpringSource project whose purpose is to unify and ease the access to different kinds of persistence stores, both relational database systems and NoSQL data stores.
The explicit configuration for a standard Spring application is now included as part of Spring Boot auto-configuration.
Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) is the process of converting Java objects to database tables. In other words, this allows us to interact with a relational database without any SQL. The Java Persistence API (JPA) is a specification that defines how to persist data in Java applications.
Boilerplate code: refers to the lots of code which programmer must write to do minimal jobs. So, spring boot increase productivity by removing the boilerplate code and minimizing the programmer's effort.
ORM in a Spring IoC container facilitates configuration and deployment. Spring's IoC approach makes it easy to swap the implementations and configuration locations of Hibernate SessionFactory instances, JDBC DataSource instances, transaction managers, and mapped object implementations (if needed).
JPA is a standard for ORM. It is an API layer that maps Java objects to the database tables.
Spring-ORM is an umbrella module that covers many persistence technologies, namely JPA, JDO, Hibernate and iBatis.
