The same rules apply when it comes to vice president and president-elect. They should only be capitalized when they're used as titles before an individual's name (e.g. “Vice President Richard Nixon”) or when directly addressing the person in that role.
The word “aunt” can be capitalized depending on how it is used in a sentence or title. However, when referring to an aunt by name such as “Aunt Audrey,” then the word aunt is capitalized because it is a part of the name so it becomes a proper noun.
The words aunt, uncle, grandma, grandpa, etc. are not capitalized unless they appear before the proper noun: Aunt Jane, Uncle Albert, Grandma Judy, Grandpa Joe. You may capitalize these relationship words when they replace the proper noun.
Lowercase when referring to the physical shoreline: Atlantic coast, Pacific coast, east coast. Capitalize when referring to regions of the United States lying along such coasts: the Atlantic Coast states, a Gulf Coast city, the West Coast. Do not capitalize when referring to smaller regions: the Virginia coast.
2 Answers. "Dad" is a specific reference (when you say it you mean somebody different from when I say it), so it gets capitalized like any proper noun. On the other hand, "dad" is a common noun meaning "father" (anybody's). (3) is not capitalized because it's using a common noun ("a dad"), not a proper one ("Dad").
Earth can be either a proper noun or a common noun. In English, proper nouns (nouns which signify a particular person, place, or thing) are capitalized. Following this rule, when Earth is discussed as a specific planet or celestial body, it is capitalized: It takes six to eight months to travel from Earth to Mars.
State = common noun; California = proper noun.
The Chicago Manual of Style has an entry (7.48) on capitalization for emphasis, stating: Capitalizing an entire word or phrase for emphasis is rarely appropriate. If capitals are wanted–in dialogue or in representing newspaper headlines, for example–small caps rather than full capitals look more graceful.
Beginning a Sentence
When starting a sentence with a number, you usually want to spell the number out. However, there is an exception to this exception (things can never be easy, right?). If you start a sentence with a year, then use the figure.The AP Stylebook always spells out percent because the symbol doesn't translate between AP and newspaper computers. It also always uses numerals with percent except at the beginning of a sentence. Both the AMA and APA style guides say to use % with numerals in all cases except at the beginning of a sentence.
Month Abbreviations AP Style
When a month is used with a specific date, abbreviate only Jan., Feb., Aug., Sept., Oct., Nov., and Dec. All other months should always be completely spelled out. Also, all months should be spelled out when they stand alone or are alone with a year.Basic Number Rules (for Nontechnical Copy)
- Spell out whole numbers up to (and including) nine (e.g., zero, one, 10, 96, 104).
- Spell out casual expressions: A picture is worth a thousand words, but a really good one is worth a thousand dollars.
It's fine except you should capitalize "I Have a Dream".
AP Stylebook, also known by its full name The Associated Press Stylebook and Briefing on Media Law, is an English grammar style and usage guide created by American journalists working for or connected with the Associated Press to standardize mass communications.
In AP Style, only the first word and proper nouns are capitalized in headlines. Follow story style in spelling, but use numerals for all numbers and single quotes for quotation marks. Exception, US, UK, and UN (no periods) in all headlines.
Purpose. The content of newspapers and other mass media is typically the result of many different writers and editors working together. AP style provides consistent guidelines for such publications in terms of grammar, spelling, punctuation and language usage. Some guiding principles behind AP style are: Consistency.
A: Lowercase for post-traumatic stress disorder, or PTSD, hepatitis C, etc. See "diseases" entry for further guidance. Q: If using "member of Congress" instead of congressman/congresswoman, should "member" be capitalized? A: member is lowercase, as are congressmen and congresswoman.
"Short" words-those with less than five letters-are lowercase in titles unless they are the first or last words. Generally, we do not capitalize: Articles - a, an, the. Coordinating Conjunctions (fewer than five letters) - and, but, or, for, nor, etc.
To summarize the capitalization of job titles, you capitalize the job title when it comes immediately before the name, in a formal context or in direct address. It is not generally capitalized if it comes after the person's name, or if there is a "the" before it.
(Okay, if you're looking for the quick answer, it's: yes, you should capitalize is in titles. If you want to discover why it should be capitalized, read on. You can also find a full review of how to write titles here.) First, let's review which words get capitalized in titles (according to The Chicago Manual of Style).
Use AP Style: Use Dr. in first reference as a formal title before the name of an individual who holds a doctor of dental surgery, doctor of medicine, doctor of optometry, doctor of osteopathic medicine, doctor of podiatric medicine, or doctor of veterinary medicine: Dr. Do not continue the use of Dr.
Here are the 10 steps to writing an AP style press release:
- Decide Who Will Be Most Interested in Your Press Release.
- Add Release Instructions.
- Add Your Contact Information.
- Write Your Headline.
- Write a Descriptive Subheading.
- Add a Strong Lead Paragraph.
- Write the Body of the Press Release.
- Write Your Boilerplate.
AP Stylebook on Twitter: "AP Style tip: Use attorney general, attorneys general. Never abbreviate. Capitalize as a title before a name: Attorney General Eric Holder."
Capitalization of Job Titles
- Rule: Capitalize job titles immediately preceding the name when used as part of the name.
- Rule: Titles immediately following the name do not ordinarily require capitalization.
- Rule: When the appears in front of the job title, do not capitalize.
- Rule: Capitalize titles in signature lines.
The word "program" is part of relatively few official names at the University. The word program is not capitalized simply because it is preceded by a proper noun. Example: Medallion Scholarship program.
When referring to a specific region, you should capitalize the words West Coast such as “I'm traveling to the West Coast” since “West Coast” is a proper noun in this case. However, if you are referring to a general region, such as “the west coast of the United States” then you should keep the words lowercase.
The State of Affairs
When the word "state" is used in a more general sense, and not referring to the states within the United States in particular, it follows the same capitalization rules as all other common nouns. It is only capitalized if it is the first word in a sentence or it is formalized as a proper noun.Capitalize such words as Northerner, Southerner, and Midwesterner. Capitalize such words as northern, southern, eastern, and western when they refer to the people in a region or to their political, social, or cultural activities.
Capitalize specific academic courses. Don't capitalize general areas of study or the name of your major unless that area of study is the name of a language. I have flunked History 101, yet I plan to continue to study history. I shall major in neither literature nor physics, but English.
Capitalize directions that are names; North, South, East, and West when used as sections of the country, but not as compass directions. So capitalize “The Pacific Northwest” and “Central Texas,” but not “We drove west for two hours.” 7. However, seasons are capitalized when used as a proper title.
The seasons—winter, spring, summer and fall—do not require capitalization. Some people think these words are proper nouns and capitalize them using the capitalization rule for proper nouns. But seasons are general nouns, so they follow the capitalization rules that apply to other general nouns.
The word "southern" is not part of the official name of California or any city or county, so I never capitalize it. Is "Southern California" considered a proper noun?
Cardinal directions are the four main points of a compass: north, south, east, and west which are also known by the first letters: N,S,E, and W. These four directions are also known as cardinal points. A cardinal direction can also be referred to by first using the word “due”.
