Young's Literal Translation (YLT) is a translation of the Bible into English, published in 1862. The translation was made by Robert Young, compiler of Young's Analytical Concordance to the Bible and Concise Critical Comments on the New Testament.
The group emphasizes sola scriptura, the belief that the Bible is the supreme authority for church doctrine and practice, over and above any other source of authority. Plymouth Brethren generally see themselves as a network of like-minded free churches, not as a Christian denomination.
Dispensationalism was adopted, modified, and made popular in the United States by the Scofield Reference Bible. It was introduced to North America by James Inglis (1813–72) through the monthly magazine Waymarks in the Wilderness, published intermittently between 1854 and 1872.
Dispensationalism is a religious interpretive system and metanarrative for the Bible. It considers biblical history as divided by God into dispensations, defined periods or ages to which God has allotted distinctive administrative principles.
Calvinism (also called the Reformed tradition, Reformed Christianity, Reformed Protestantism, or the Reformed faith) is a major branch of Protestantism that follows the theological tradition and forms of Christian practice set down by John Calvin and other Reformation-era theologians.
Dispensationalism, however, holds that both the Old Testament and New Testament are interpreted using literal grammatical-historical interpretation. As a result, they reject the idea that the meaning of the Old Testament was hidden and that the New Testament can alter the straightforward meaning of the Old Testament.
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In Reformed theology, the Word of God takes several forms. Jesus Christ himself is the Word Incarnate. Reformed theologians affirm that the Bible is true, but differences emerge among them over the meaning and extent of its truthfulness.
Limited atonement (or definite atonement or particular redemption) is a doctrine accepted in some Christian theological traditions. According to Limited Atonement, Christ died for the sins of the elect alone, and no atonement was provided for the reprobate.
The typical seven-dispensation scheme is as follows:
- Innocence – Adam under probation prior to the Fall.
- Conscience – From the Fall to the Great Flood.
- Human Government – After the Great Flood, humanity is responsible to enact the death penalty.
- Promise – From Abraham to Moses.
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As a framework for biblical interpretation, covenant theology stands in contrast to dispensationalism in regard to the relationship between the Old Covenant (with national Israel) and the New Covenant (with the house of Israel [Jeremiah 31:31] in Christ's blood).
Dispensations
- Innocence – Adam under probation prior to the Fall.
- Conscience – From the Fall to the Great Flood.
- Human Government – After the Great Flood, humanity is responsible to enact the death penalty.
- Promise – From Abraham to Moses.
- Law – From Moses to the crucifixion of Jesus Christ.
There are also many non-Calvinists who maintain that a person who is saved can never lose his or her salvation.
While the Reformed theological tradition addresses all of the traditional topics of Christian theology, the word Calvinism is sometimes used to refer to particular Calvinist views on soteriology and predestination, which are summarized in part by the Five Points of Calvinism.
Dispensationalism has become very popular with American evangelicalism, especially among nondenominational Bible churches, Baptists, Pentecostal, and Charismatic groups. Conversely, Protestant denominations that embrace covenant theology as a whole tend to reject dispensationalism.
MacArthur is a non-denominational Calvinist and a strong proponent of expository preaching. He has been acknowledged by Christianity Today as one of the most influential preachers of his time and was a frequent guest on Larry King Live as a representative of an evangelical Christian perspective.
Supersessionism, also called replacement theology, is a Christian doctrine which asserts that the New Covenant through Jesus Christ supersedes the Old Covenant, which was made exclusively with the Jewish people.
Dispensationalism developed as a system from the teachings of John Nelson Darby, considered by some to be the father of dispensationalism (1800–82), who strongly influenced the Plymouth Brethren of the 1830s in Ireland and England.
According to Calvinists, since God has drawn the elect to faith in Christ by regenerating their hearts and convincing them of their sins, and thus saving their souls by His own work and power, it naturally follows that they will be kept by the same power to the end.
Amillenarism or Amillennialism (Lat. mille – one thousand; "a" is a negation prefix) – a type of Chillegorism which teaches that there will be no millennial reign of the righteous on earth.
